Sphingobacterium spiritivorum Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это

ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ корСйский случай саркоидоза Sphingobacterium spiritivorum Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° с острой ΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ

Sphingobacterium spiritivorum Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ выдСляСтся ΠΈΠ· клиничСских ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с ослаблСнным ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ сих ΠΏΠΎΡ€ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ сообщСний ΠΎ случаях ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ S. spiritivorum Π² ΠšΠΎΡ€Π΅Π΅. ΠœΡ‹ сообщаСм случай Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ S. spiritivorum Ρƒ 68-Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹, Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π±Ρ‹Π» диагностирован острый ΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΠ·, Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ» Ρ…ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΡŽ. Π§Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· дСнь послС окончания Ρ…ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π° ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ Π΄ΠΎ 38,3 ℃. Π“Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π² аэробных ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ… ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ S. spiritivorum с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ биохимичСской систСмы. Анализ сСквСнирования 16S Ρ€Π ΠΠš ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠ», Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ изолятом являСтся S. spiritivorum. ΠŸΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ» Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΡŽ Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 11 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ, Π½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΎΡ‚ сСптичСского шока. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ зарСгистрированный случай зараТСния Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° S. spiritivorum Π² ΠšΠΎΡ€Π΅Π΅. Π₯отя чСловСчСская инфСкция встрСчаСтся Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ, S. spiritivorum ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ оппортунистичСским Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с ослаблСнным ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ.

Π’ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹ Sphingobacterium ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π½Π΅Ρ„Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ, Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ стСрТнями, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ для биохимичСских испытаний, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ производство ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»Π°Π·Ρ‹ ΠΈ оксидазы, Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ для ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π° [1]. Π’ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹ Sphingobacterium Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ описаны ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π΅Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ (Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π¦Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŽ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΡ‹ IIk). Holmes et al. [2, 3] ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ» Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π° Flavobacterium для Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² 1983 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Yabuuchi et al. [4] Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ» Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Sphingobacterium для Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π ΠΎΠ΄ Sphingobacterium Π±Ρ‹Π» создан для классификации ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ содСрТат большоС количСство сфингофосфолипидных соСдинСний Π² ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±Ρ€Π°Π½Π°Ρ…, ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ таксономичСскиС особСнности, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ‚ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Flavobacterium [4].

Π’ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹ Sphingobacterium ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π²Ρ‹, растСний, ΠΏΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ источников Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹, Π½ΠΎ изоляция Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ‚ клиничСских ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ сообщаСтся Π²ΠΎ всСм ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π΅ [5]. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Sphingobacterium spiritivorum Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ ΠΈΠ· клиничСских ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с ослаблСнным ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΈ Π² нашСй странС Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ сообщСний ΠΎ случаях ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ S. spiritivorum Π² ΠšΠΎΡ€Π΅Π΅. ΠœΡ‹ сообщаСм случай Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ S. spiritivorum Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π΄ΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Ρ…ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΡŽ для острого ΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΠ·Π°.

68-Π»Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΡŽΡŽ ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ помСстили Π² Π½Π°ΡˆΡƒ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ†Ρƒ для ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ΡˆΠΊΠΈ, которая длилась 7 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ. Π£ Π½Π΅Π΅ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ истории ΠΎ ΠΊΡƒΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… заболСваниях. ЀизичСскоС обслСдованиС Π½Π΅ выявило Π»ΠΈΠΌΡ„Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ подсчСт ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π» ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹: Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ½, 11,3 Π³ / Π΄Π»; Π±Π΅Π»Ρ‹Ρ… кровяных Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Ρ†, 2,86 Γ— 109 / Π» (Π½Π΅ΠΉΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Ρ‹, 40%, Π»ΠΈΠΌΡ„ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹, 57% ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹, 3%); количСство Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ², 47 Γ— 109 / Π». Мазок пСрифСричСской ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ выявил ΠΏΠ°Π½Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π±Π΅Π· лСйкСмичСских Π²Π·Ρ€Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ².

Для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Π½Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ обслСдованиС костного ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° (Π‘Πœ). ΠœΠ°Π³ΠΌΡ‹ аспирации BM ΠΈ цитохимичСскоС ΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°ΡˆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ миСлобластов (40%) ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠŸΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρƒ Π±Ρ‹Π» поставлСн Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ· острый ΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΠ·, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ Π½Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‡Π΅, Π² соотвСтствии с классификационной систСмой Π’ΠžΠ— 2008 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° [6].

Она ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π»Π° Ρ…ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΡŽ Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΈΠ½Π° 160 ΠΌΠ³ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠ±ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π° 20 ΠΌΠ³ Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 3 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡ†ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π° 20 ΠΌΠ³ Π² Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 4 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ. Π§Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· дСнь послС окончания Ρ…ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° Π΅Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π° ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ Π΄ΠΎ 38,3 ℃. Π•Π΅ кровяноС Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, частота ΠΏΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡΠ° ΠΈ частота дыхания составляли 90/70 ΠΌΠΌ Ρ€Ρ‚.ст., 110 / ΠΌΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ 20 / ΠΌΠΈΠ½ соотвСтствСнно. Π£Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ C-Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° (CRP) увСличился Π΄ΠΎ 6,31 ΠΌΠ³ / Π΄Π», Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π° составил 0,08 Π½Π³ / ΠΌΠ» (ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½: 99% с S. spiritivorum ΠΈ> 0,8% ΠΎΡ‚ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ². Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, изолят Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ S. spiritivorum [7].

Для филогСнСтичСского Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ сравнивали с Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ близкородствСнных Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Sphingobacterium, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π² Π±Π°Π·Π°Ρ… Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… GenBank. ЀилогСнСтичСскоС Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ построСно ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ сосСднСго соСдинСния с использованиСм ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΉ Microseq 500 bp 16S Ρ€Π ΠΠš (Ρ„ΠΈΠ³.2).

ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΈΠΌΡ‡ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ тСстировали с использованиСм ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ AST-N132 систСмы Vitek 2 (BioMΓ©rieux). Π˜Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ‚ восприимчив ΠΊ Ρ†Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠΌΡƒ, ципрофлоксацину, лСвофлоксацину, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌΡƒ, ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΡƒ ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρƒ; ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΈΠΌΡ‡ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ цСфотаксиму, Ρ†Π΅Ρ„Ρ‚Π°Π·ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡƒ, ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΏΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ†ΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠ½-ΠΊΠ»Π°Π²ΡƒΠ»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ кислотС; Π½ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π» устойчив ΠΊ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ, Π°Π·Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΡƒ, колистину, Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ, ΠΏΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ, ΠΏΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠ½-Ρ‚Π°Π·ΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌ, Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ†ΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ.

Π¦Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ Π±Ρ‹Π» ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½. Π Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ с Ρ†Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠΌΠ° Π½Π° ципрофлоксацин, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ€Π΅Π²Π°Π»ΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅Ρ„Ρ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ обусловлСна ​​увСличСниСм уровня ΠΌΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈ уровня ΠΊΡ€Π΅Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ. Π§Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 3 дня Π»ΠΈΡ…ΠΎΡ€Π°Π΄ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° стихла. ΠŸΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ тСсты Π½Π° ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ для S. spiritivorum ΠΈ любого Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°. Однако Π½Π° пятый дСнь Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ципрофлоксацином Ρƒ Π½Π΅Π΅ снова Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ Π»ΠΈΡ…ΠΎΡ€Π°Π΄ΠΊΠ°, ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ состояниС ΡƒΡ…ΡƒΠ΄ΡˆΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ. Π’ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π½Π°Π΄Ρ†Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΉ дСнь ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π»Π° ΠΎΡ‚ сСптичСского шока.

Π‘Ρ„ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Π²Ρ‹, Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°, ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ нСсколько сообщСний ΠΎ чСловСчСских инфСкциях, Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΠΏΡƒΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ [5]. Π Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ сообщаСмыС Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹ Sphingobacterium, Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠ· клиничСских ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°, Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ S. multivorum ΠΈ S. spiritivorum. На сСгодняшний дСнь ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΠΎ 7 случаях зараТСния S. multivorum ΠΏΠΎ всСму ΠΌΠΈΡ€Ρƒ Π² связи с сСптицСмиСй [5, 18-20], ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ [21], ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Ρ‹Ρ…Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΉ [22] ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ фасцитом [23]. Π‘ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΎ 3 случаях ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ S. spiritivorum Π²ΠΎ всСм ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π΅ 24. Настоящий случай ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ сообщСнныС случаи ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² Ρ‚Π°Π±Π»ΠΈΡ†Π΅ 2. Π’ 2002 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ ΠœΠ°Ρ€ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Π»Π° [24] Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ описала случай сСпсиса, связанного с Ρ†Π΅Π»Π»ΡŽΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ S. spiritivorum. Π’ 2003 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Tronel et al. [25] сообщал случай Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ S. spiritivorum. Π’ 2005 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Kronel et al. [26] сообщил случай сСпсиса, связанного с Ρ†Π΅Π»Π»ΡŽΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ S. spiritivorum ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡƒΡ‚ΡŽΠ³Π°.

Π’ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ случаС ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ находился Π² состоянии иммуносупрСссии ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Ρ…ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ для лСчСния острого ΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΠ·Π°. ΠŸΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρƒ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° поставлСна ​​диагноз связанная с ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ инфСкция ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π²Π°Π» ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚ пСрифСричСской Π²Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ составлял Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 2 часов. Π˜ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ способом ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ S. spiritivorum Π² этом случаС ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ мСсто Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡƒ внутрисосудистого устройства ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ находился Π² нСпосрСдствСнной близости ΠΎΡ‚ СстСствСнных мСст обитания этого ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°.

Анализ сСквСнирования 16S Ρ€Π ΠΠš ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, особСнно для ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ клиничСски Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… изолятов с Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ биохимичСскими профилями ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡ Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ [27, 28]. ΠœΡ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ изолята ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ, сначала ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ биохимичСски ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ S. spiritivorum, ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° сСквСнирования 16S Ρ€Π ΠΠš.

Π’ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹ Sphingobacterium, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, устойчивы ΠΊ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ полимиксину B, Π½ΠΎ восприимчивы ΠΊ Ρ…ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΡƒ-ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρƒ in vitro. Π˜Π·Π²Π΅ΡΡ‚Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ Ξ²-Π»Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ измСняСтся [1]. Π’ 2009 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Lambiase et al. [29] сообщили, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ 13 ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² S. multivorum ΠΈ 8 S. spiritivorum ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Ρƒ 332 ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с кистозным Ρ„ΠΈΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ устойчивы ΠΊ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌ, Π½ΠΎ восприимчивы ΠΊ Ρ…ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΡƒ ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρƒ. Они Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ S. multivorum изоляты устойчивы ΠΊΠΎ всСм Ξ²-Π»Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ изоляты S. spiritivorum восприимчивы ΠΊ Ρ†Π΅Ρ„Ρ‚Π°Π·ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡƒ, ΠΏΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π±Π°ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ. Π˜Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ‚ этого случая Π±Ρ‹Π» восприимчив ΠΊ Ρ†Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠΌΡƒ, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌΡƒ, ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊ ципрофлоксацину, лСвофлоксацину ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΡƒ ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρƒ.

Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ зарСгистрированный случай зараТСния Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° S. spinivorum Π² ΠšΠΎΡ€Π΅Π΅, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ S. spiritivorum ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„Π°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ чСловСчСским оппортунистичСским Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ Ρƒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с ослаблСнным ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, нСсмотря Π½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ чСловСчСская инфСкция встрСчаСтся Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ.

Π­Ρ‚Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π½Π° Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ…Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π³Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠŸΡƒΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ унивСрситСта.

НС ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π»ΠΈΠΊΡ‚Π°Ρ… интСрСсов, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ этой ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅.

(A) Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ»Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ°Π·ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ (окраска Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°, Γ— 1000). (B) Колонии ΠΆΠ΅Π»Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ†Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π° Sphingobacterium spiritivorum Π½Π° пластинС ΠΈΠ· Π°Π³Π°Ρ€Π°.

ЀилогСнСтичСскиС связи изолята ΠΎΡ‚ настоящСго ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ родствСнных Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Sphingobacterium, построСнных ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ сосСднСго соСдинСния с использованиСм ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΉ 16S Ρ€Π ΠΠš Microseq 500 bp. ВсС ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° доступа ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π² Π±Π°Π·Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… GenBank. Π”Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ вытянуто с Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅Ρ‚Π²Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ расстояния. Π”Π»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΡˆΠΊΠ°Π»Ρ‹ 0,01 ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° 1% ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ.

Π‘Ρ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΉ изолята ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ… Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²

Π‘Π°Π·Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…: GenBank (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank), EMBL (ЕвропСйская лаборатория молСкулярной Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, http://www.ebi.ac.uk/embl), RDP-II (The Ribosomal Database Project, http://rdp.cme.msu.edu) ΠΈ EzTaxon (http://www.eztaxon.org).

Π‘Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Sphingobacterium spiritivorum

БокращСния: M, ΠΌΡƒΠΆΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹; F, ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Π°; БАЛ, Π±Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ…ΠΎΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ²Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π»Π°Π²Π°ΠΆ; PR, настоящий ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚; NA, нСдоступно.

Π˜ΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊ

Sphingobacterium spiritivorum bacteremia due to cellulitis in an elderly man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and congestive heart failure: a case report

Abstract

Background

Sphingobacterium spiritivorum is a glucose non-fermenting Gram-negative rod, formerly classified as one of the Flavobacterium species. It is characterized by a large number of cellular membrane sphingophospholipids. Sphingobacterium species are ubiquitous and isolated from natural environments, such as soil and water. However, they rarely cause infections in humans. Only a limited number of cases have been reported in elderly and immunocompromised patients with underlying diseases and predisposing factors.

Case presentation

An 80-year-old Japanese man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and congestive heart failure visited the Kariya Toyota General Hospital, Aichi, Japan with the chief complaint of fever accompanied by chills and left leg pain. At initial presentation, he was distressed and dyspneic. He was febrile (38.8 Β°C), and his left foot was swollen with reddening and tenderness. We diagnosed him as having cellulitis, and he was hospitalized for antibiotic therapy. Initially, he was treated with intravenously administered cefazolin, but after the isolation of a glucose non-fermenting Gram-negative rod from blood cultures, we decided to switch cefazolin to intravenously administered meropenem on day 4, considering the antibiotic resistance of the causative organism. The causative organism was identified as S. spiritivorum on day 6. His condition gradually stabilized after admission. Meropenem was switched to orally administered levofloxacin on day 12. He was discharged on day 16 and treated successfully without any complications.

Conclusions

Although S. spiritivorum is rare, with limited cases isolated from cellulitis, it should be considered as a causative organism in elderly and immunocompromised patients with cellulitis. Blood cultures are the key to correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Background

Sphingobacterium spiritivorum (S. spiritivorum) is a glucose non-fermenting Gram-negative rod (GNF-GNR), formerly classified as one of the Flavobacterium species [1]. It is characterized by a large number of cellular membrane sphingophospholipids [1]. Sphingobacterium species are ubiquitous and isolated from natural environments, such as soil and water. However, they rarely cause infection in humans. Only a limited number of cases have been reported in elderly and immunocompromised patients with underlying disease and predisposing factors [2,3,4,5,6]. However, S. spiritivorum has the potential of causing fatal infections and bacteremia, particularly in elderly and immunocompromised patients. Although our case is not the first case report of S. spiritivorum infection isolated from humans, we propose that it is important to consider S. spiritivorum as a causative organism in selected patients with cellulitis.

Case presentation

An 80-year-old Japanese man presented to our hospital with complaints of fever and left leg pain, as well as bilateral lower extremity swelling. Although mild edema was always observed in his bilateral lower extremities, it gradually worsened 1 week prior to admission. On the day of admission, he had high fever accompanied by chills. He denied any recent leg trauma. His past medical history was significant for pulmonary tuberculosis at 30 years of age, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and congestive heart failure (CHF). A pacemaker was inserted because of atrial fibrillation (AF) with symptomatic bradycardia. He was an ex-tobacco smoker (100 pack year history) and did not drink alcohol. His maintenance medications were dabigatran (220 mg), furosemide (20 mg), and an inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting Ξ²2-agonist.

At initial presentation, he was alert and oriented but appeared distressed. His vital signs were as follows: body temperature, 38.8 Β°C; blood pressure, 135/90 mmHg; heart rate, 96 beats per minute with irregular rhythm; blood oxygen saturation, 93% with room air; and respiratory rate, 22 breaths per minute. He had a barrel-shaped chest, coarse crackles were heard over the lung base, and wheezes were heard over both lung fields. Pitting edema was observed in his lower extremities. His left foot had more erythema and edema than his right foot (Fig. 1). His left lower extremity was warm and tender to touch. There were no skin breaks or other potential infection entry sites. Tinea pedis was ascertained by a potassium hydroxide test.

Sphingobacterium spiritivorum Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это. Π‘ΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ Sphingobacterium spiritivorum Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это. Π‘ΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡƒ Sphingobacterium spiritivorum Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это. ΠšΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎ Sphingobacterium spiritivorum Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это. Π€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ Sphingobacterium spiritivorum Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это

Appearance of lower extremities of the patient on the day of admission (a) and after treatment (b). On the day of admission, reddening and swelling were observed on the left leg. Dermatophyte was positive in the toe webs as per a potassium hydroxide test

Arterial blood gas analysis showed the following results: pH, 7.408; partial pressure of carbon dioxide, 44 mmHg; partial pressure of oxygen, 72 mmHg; bicarbonate, 22.5 mmol/L; and lactate, 1.8 mmol/L. A complete blood count revealed the following results: white blood cells, 9,000/ΞΌL; red blood cells, 384 Γ— 10 4 /ΞΌL; hemoglobin, 12.4 g/dL; and platelets, 9.6 Γ— 10 4 /ΞΌL. Chemistry results were as follows: serum creatinine, 0.81 mg/dL; blood urea nitrogen, 19.0 mg/dL; albumin, 3.7 g/dL; total bilirubin, 2.1 mg/dL; aspartate aminotransferase, 43 U/L; alanine aminotransferase, 22 U/L; C-reactive protein, 0.36 mg/dl; and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), 471 pg/mL (our patient’s basal BNP level was approximately 100 pg/mL). A coagulation test showed prolonged prothrombin time-international normalized ratio (1.29) and activated partial thromboplastin time (52.3 seconds). A chest X-ray showed a nodular lesion on the right pulmonary apex compatible with previous tuberculous infection without any infiltrations. An electrocardiogram showed AF with pacemaker rhythm without any sensing and pacing failures. Based on these results, we diagnosed our patient as having cellulitis and immediately admitted him to hospital because his respiratory status continued to worsen, necessitating supplemental oxygen therapy for dyspnea relief. We also considered a risk of sepsis and mortality because his sequential organ failure assessment score was 5 points (2 points greater than baseline) at initial presentation [7].

Cefazolin (1 g every 8 hours) was initially administered intravenously to treat his cellulitis, but after 25 hours of incubation, two sets of aerobic blood culture bottles (BD BACTEC™ Plus Aerobic/F Medium; BD Diagnostics, Sparks, MD, USA) were found to be positive (detected by BD BACTEC™ FX, Blood Culture System; BD Diagnostics, Sparks, MD, USA) for GNRs (Fig. 2). The positive culture broth was inoculated onto a blood agar plate (BD BBL™ Trypticase™ Soy Agar with 5% Sheep Blood; Nippon Becton Dickinson Company, Fukushima, Japan) and light yellow colonies were observed after incubation of 24 hours at 37 Β°C. The causative organism was confirmed as GNF-GNR on day 4. Accordingly, we switched antibiotics to intravenously administered meropenem (1 g every 8 hours) on the same day, considering antibiotic resistance. On day 6, the causative organism was identified as S. spiritivorum. It was identified by BD PHOENIX™ System (BD Diagnostics, Sparks, MD, USA) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry, using Microflex LT with MALDI Biotyper version 3.1 database (Bruker Daltonik, Bremen, Germany). Our patient’s condition gradually improved with the antibiotic use. We decided to switch antibiotics to orally administered levofloxacin (500 mg/day) on day 12, considering the antibiotic sensitivity of S. spiritivorum isolated from the blood culture (Table 1). Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was an alternative but was not used out of concern for adverse drug reactions considering our patient’s age. He was discharged on day 16 without any complications, and the antibiotic was discontinued on the same day. We followed up with him 2 weeks after discharge, during which he did not have any residual symptoms related to cellulitis.

Sphingobacterium spiritivorum Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это. Π‘ΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ„ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ Sphingobacterium spiritivorum Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это. Π‘ΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡƒ Sphingobacterium spiritivorum Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это. ΠšΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎ Sphingobacterium spiritivorum Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это. Π€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎ Sphingobacterium spiritivorum Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ это

Gram stain of the organism isolated from blood culture (magnification, Γ—1000). Gram-negative short rods were seen

Discussion

Sphingobacterium species are aerobic, Gram-negative, short rod, non-motile, non-spore-forming bacteria. They are oxidase-positive, catalase-positive, and urease-positive and indole-negative and produce light yellow colonies on blood agar plates [1]. Thus far, more than 20 species in the genus Sphingobacterium have been reported based on 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene sequencing [8] and the number of isolated species is increasing. S. spiritivorum was first isolated from a human clinical specimen by Holmes et al. in 1982 [9] and was initially described as Flavobacterium spiritivorum. In 1983, Yabuuchi et al. first proposed Sphingobacterium as a new genus [10]. The genus Sphingobacterium differs from the genus Flavobacterium by high cellular membrane concentrations of sphingophospholipid and ceramide. Naka et al. performed a structural analysis of sphingophospholipids in S. spiritivorum, thereby purifying a novel sphingolipid among eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells [11].

Sphingobacterium species are ubiquitous and commonly isolated from soil, plants, and water, but rarely from human infection sites. Sphingobacterium multivorum and S. spiritivorum were isolated from very few existing cases. Lambiase et al. reported the isolation of S. multivorum and S. spiritivorum from the sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis [12]. Recently, the first human case of Sphingobacterium hotanense infection in an elderly patient was reported [13]. In that case, scratches on the right arm caused by a rooster were the suspected infection entry site from soil.

Sphingobacterium species are resistant to commonly used antibiotics [1]. S. multivorum can produce an extended-spectrum Ξ²-lactamase and a metallo-Ξ²-lactamase, which make it resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems, respectively [14]. S. spiritivorum is susceptible to carbapenems. Quinolones, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and ceftazidime are effective in vitro, which is compatible with previous clinical reports [12]. S. spiritivorum isolated from the present case was susceptible to the antibiotics listed above. In the present case, we observed a good clinical course with intravenously administered meropenem followed by orally administered levofloxacin.

We identified five previously reported cases of S. spiritivorum infection in the English literature [2,3,4,5,6] (Table 2). Three cases were caused by cellulitis [2, 3, 6] and two cases by catheter-related blood stream infection [4, 5]. In most of these cases, the patients had predisposing factors and underlying diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease (with chronic venous stasis due to akinesia and injuries from frequent falls, which are risk factors for cellulitis) [2, 3], refractory anemia [4], acute myeloid leukemia treated with chemotherapy [5], and end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis [6]. One case of extrinsic allergic alveolitis (hypersensitivity pneumonitis) caused by S. spiritivorum [15] was not included because it was not a direct infection but was caused by a hypersensitivity reaction against organism-derived allergens [16]. In our case, edema due to CHF was a risk factor for cellulitis [17]. Aging and COPD can also increase susceptibility to infections [18, 19]. Tinea pedis is a risk factor for cellulitis [20] because it may provide entry sites for infections [21] and changes in bacterial flora [22].

Although obtaining blood cultures of patients with cellulitis may not be cost effective, given the low rate of positive blood cultures (2.0%) [23], we could not have made a correct diagnosis in the present case without blood cultures. Mills and Chen reviewed several studies and concluded that obtaining blood cultures does not significantly alter treatment or aid in diagnosing the causative organism in immunocompetent patients with acute cellulitis [24]. In addition, the current Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guidelines do not recommend routine performance of blood cultures in patients with cellulitis; however, performing blood cultures is recommended in patients with malignancy, chemotherapy, neutropenia, severe cell-mediated immunodeficiency, immersion injuries, and animal bites [25]. Peralta et al. reported the absence of previous antibiotic treatment and the presence of two or more comorbid factors including obesity, COPD, diabetes, alcohol addiction, liver cirrhosis, CHF, and immunocompromised condition were associated with bacteremia in patients with cellulitis [26]. Lee et al. proposed an initial diagnostic prediction model with four independent predictors for estimating probability of bacteremia in patients with cellulitis: age β‰₯ 65 years, involvement of non-lower extremities, liver cirrhosis, and systemic inflammatory response syndrome [27]. In a recent study, van Daalen et al. reported the blood culture positivity rate was higher than the rates reported by IDSA guidelines in hospitalized patients with skin and soft tissue infections, particularly in patients with severe comorbidity [28]. Evaluation of patients’ comorbidity is critical to making decisions to perform blood cultures in patients with cellulitis. Considering S. spiritivorum was isolated from blood cultures in all of the previous reports, performing blood cultures in patients with cellulitis with comorbid risk factors can be useful to identify the causative organism and important for appropriate treatment.

Conclusions

S. spiritivorum is a rare causative organism of cellulitis, with a limited number of reported cases in the literature. In the present case, aging and COPD could have been the risk factors for infection, and edema due to CHF was a predisposing factor for cellulitis. Tinea pedis could have produced an infection entry site. Although our patient was initially septic, he was successfully treated by administration of targeted antibiotics. Blood cultures were key to identifying the causative organism in the present case. We should consider S. spiritivorum as a potential causative organism of cellulitis, particularly in patients with comorbid risk factors.

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